Prahar

In Indian classical music, the concept of time holds immense significance. The 24-hour day is divided into eight segments called “Prahar,” each lasting approximately three hours. These Prahar delineate specific periods of the day, and they play a crucial...

Purvang – Uttarang

The section of the saptak (octave) that spans from Sa to Ma (Sa Re Ga Ma) is referred to as the “Purvang” (preceding part) of a raga, while the part that stretches from Ma to the higher octave Sa (Pa Dha Ni Sa) is known as the “Uttarang”...

Samvadi

This is the second principal note of the raga, the consonant note, which has a relation of the fourth or fifth note or ninth or twelve shrutis distance from the vadi and constitutes a balance to the vadi.  For example, if SA is the vadi swar (note) , then MA or PA...

Vadi

The vadi swar, also known as the chief or principal note, holds immense significance in a raga as it encapsulates the essence of the melody. It is the most crucial note among all the other notes utilized in a particular raga, and provides insight into the timing of...

Raga

The term ‘Raga’ has an etymological root in the word ‘color’. In the context of music, a raga is a harmonious combination of swar (notes) and varna (different uses of notes). The notes of a raga are arranged in a particular fixed, ascending,...

Pakad

The term “pakad” denotes the act of grasping or holding. It refers to a concise musical phrase that embodies the unique and identifiable elements of a raga. Considered as the crucial melodic phrase of a raga, the pakad captures its essence and character....